长江经济带城市创新的空间效应研究——基于空间面板模型的实证检验

摘要

现有研究普遍认为城市创新只是区域创新地理边界的缩小,忽略了城市的空间特性——城市的关联和互动作用,这一缺陷随信息和交通技术的发展而凸显.以2006-2013年长江经济带126个主要城市的面板数据为研究样本,利用空间面板模型对长江经济带城市创新的收敛性和溢出性进行实证检验.结果表明长江经济带各城市的创新活动存在显著的空间相关性,均质性突出;长江经济带城市创新条件收敛却不强收敛,收敛速度为7.274%;同时,城市创新还存在着空间溢出效应,人力资本、教育投入、信息化、工业化水平对本城市创新有正向促进作用,其中,工业化水平的贡献率最大.但除了工业化水平之外,其他3个影响因素空间锁定效应极强,对其他城市并不存在空间溢出作用.%Present researches show that most city innovation was just limited to regional innovation when the geographical boundaries of a city shrank,and city planners ignored the spatial characteristics of the city-correlation and interaction among cities.This defect has become increasingly prominent with the rapid development of information and communication technology.This paper employs spatial economical method to empirically explore the spatial effect of city innovation,which based on 126 major cities of Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2006 to 2013.It reaches the following results:firstly,there is a significant spatial correlation about the cities`innovation activities of Yangtze River Economic Belt,and homogeneity is outstanding;secondly,cities innovation have obvious spatial convergence effect,and the convergence rate reaches 7.274%,and the absolute difference is increasing while the relative gap is narrowing,which means the city innovation of Yangtze River Economic Belt is conditional convergence rather than strong convergence;thirdly,there is still spatial spillover effect for city innovation,while human resource,education investment,information technology and industrialization have positive role in promoting innovation,among which,the level of industrialization makes the greatest contribution.But for industrialization,three factors,namely,human resource,investment in education,the level of information,have strong spatial lock-in effect,and there is no spillover effect to other cities` innovation.