通过梳理以往学者的相关研究成果,叙述现如今中国汽车制造业区域分布状况,以及基于产业地图描述了2006年以来我国汽车制造业的演化格局.同时通过研究2006-2015年我国31个省市区的面板数据,分析发现影响汽车制造业区域布局的显著因素有税收政策、市场规模、城市化水平、运输条件、劳动力成本、科技创新水平等6个.一是政策因素与汽车制造业的区域分布呈负相关,汽车制造业的税收负担越小,汽车制造业产业布局更集中;二是市场规模与汽车制造业区域分布呈正相关,市场规模越大,汽车制造业产业布局更多;三是城市化水平与汽车制造业区域布局呈正相关,汽车制造业企业布局更青睐于城市化水平较高的地区布局.四是交通运输条件与汽车制造业区域布局呈正相关,汽车制造业的产业布局趋向于交通便利、物流方便的地区集中.五是劳动力成本与汽车制造业区域布局呈负相关,汽车制造业的布局开始由劳动力成本较高的地区向劳动力成本较低的地区转移.六是科技创新能力与汽车制造业的区域布局呈正相关关系.如今我国汽车制造业形成了主要以京津冀、长三角、珠三角、东北、中部、西南地区为主的产业集群,尽管长三角、珠三角以及京津冀地区空间布局占比优势明显,但中部地区、西南地区的汽车制造业正在崛起,并逐渐形成了以武汉、重庆为中心的汽车产业集群.中国各地区可以按照影响汽车制造业区域布局的6个因素,对汽车制造业合理布局,以便加快产业的发展.%By combing the related research results of past scholars, this paper describes the regional distribution of China's automobile manufacturing industry nowadays and describes the evolution of China's automobile manufacturing industry since 2006 based on the industrial map. At the same time, by analyzing the panel data of 31 provinces and municipalities in China from 2006 to 2015, it is found that significant factors influencing the regional layout of automobile manufacturing include tax policy, market size, urbanization level, transportation conditions, labor cost and technological innovation level.First, the policy factors are negatively correlated with the regional distribution of automobile manufacturing. The tax burden of automobile manufacturing industry is smaller, and the automobile manufacturing industry is more concentrated in industrial distribution. Second, the market size is positively correlated with the regional distribution of automobile manufacturing industry. The larger the market size, the more automobile industry layout. Thirdly, the level of urbanization is positively related to the regional layout of automobile manufacturing industry. The layout of automobile manufacturing enterprises is more favored in the regional layout with higher urbanization level. Fourthly, the traffic conditions are positively correlated with the regional layout of the automobile manufacturing industry. The industrial layout of the automobile manufacturing industry tends to be concentrated in areas with convenient transportation and convenient logistics. Fifth, labor costs are negatively correlated with the regional distribution of automobile manufacturing. The layout of automobile manufacturing begins to shift from areas with higher labor costs to areas with lower labor costs. Sixth, science and technology innovation ability and the regional distribution of automobile manufacturing is positively correlated.Nowadays, the automobile manufacturing industry in our country has formed an industrial cluster dominated mainly by Beijing, Tianjin, the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Northeast China, Central China and Southwest China. Although the spatial distribution in the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region has obvious advantages, Central China and Southwest China's automobile manufacturing industry are emerging, and gradually formed a Wuhan, Chongqing as the center of the automotive industry cluster. According to the six factors that affect the regional layout of the automobile manufacturing industry, various regions in China can rationalize the automobile manufacturing industry in order to speed up industrial development.
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