木材流体渗透理论与研究方法

摘要

In order to know the present situation of research on theories of fluids penetrating wood overall and systematically, the paper presents a summary of the main styles and flowing theories of fluids in porous medium, the main penetrating channels of fluids in wood, and the main theories and experimental methods of research on fluids penetrating wood. Several major development directions of research on theories of fluids penetrating wood are also put forward.Advanced technologies are supposed to be adopted to observe dynamically during the whole continually process of liquids penetrating wood in the experimental observation on the research methods aspect, and more rational models of wood simple structure for fluids penetration, especially liquids penetration should also be established for exacting description on penetrating channels with less parameters. The mature theories and methods used in the heat and mass transfer, liquids permeability of construction material such as cement, stone and brick, soil and rock oil underground to establish the planar or three-dimensional theory model which conforms to the practical process of liquids penetrating wood unsteady are predicted in the theoretical studying. The two methods are suggested be combined to describe the mechanism of fluids penetrating wood qualitatively and quantitatively.%为较全面系统地了解木材流体渗透理论研究现状,从流体在多孔介质内的主要类型与流动理论、流体在木材内的主要流通通道及木材流体渗透性研究的主要理论与试验方法等几方面进行综合概述,提出木材流体渗透性理论研究的主要发展方向.试验观察应采取更先进的手段,动态观察流体尤其是液体渗透木材的整个连续过程,并构筑更合理的木材流体简化结构渗透模型,以较少的参数反映更完整的流体渗透途径;理论研究应借鉴木材干燥过程中应用较成熟的传质传热模型,建筑多孔材料如水泥、石、砖等的渗透性研究,土壤流体渗透性及地下石油流体渗透性研究方面应用较成熟的理论和方法,并拓宽木材渗透性的研究对象,建立符合木材非稳态渗透实际过程的二维或三维理论模型,以更逼真地模拟木材流体渗透过程;2种方法结合起来,定性和定量完整描述木材流体渗透机制.