Wood modification is the technologies with which the properties of wood are permanently altered by heating at high temperatures or reacting with low molecular weight monomers or oligomers. The specific properties of wood are consequently improved and certain new characteristics imparted due to the modification. The modified woods can resultantly serve for a longer term compared to the non-modified ones. As a result, the tension due to the lack of wood resource can be reduced. In this paper, the development and the state of the art of wood modification are systematically reviewed. The typical modification technologies such as thermal treatment, acetylation, treatments with N-methylol compounds, furfurylation, and impregnation with thermoset resins are introduced. The effects of chemical modification on the properties of the resulting wood are analyzed and the commercialization status of modified products presented. Consequently, an outlook for the development trends and challenges of wood modification is given.%木材化学功能改良旨在通过物理或化学的方法(主要是利用热或具有反应活性官能团的低分子单体/低聚体),对木材细胞壁成分进行永久改变和/或对木材细胞腔进行物理填充,由此改善木材的各项物理力学性能,并赋予其特定的新功能,提高木材的附加值,延长木材的使用寿命,从而实现木材的高效节约利用,缓解木材资源紧张的局面.对国内、国际上木材功能改良技术的发展和现状进行系统回顾,介绍炭化处理、乙酰化、氮甲氧基树脂处理、糠醇处理、热固性树脂处理等典型改性技术的原理、产品性能的优缺点及其商业化现状,展望木材功能改良技术发展面临的机遇与挑战.
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