为了开发释放速率稳定、持效期长的仿生诱芯,有必要评价性信息素成分在2种最常用的释放载体(聚乙烯管和复合橡胶)上的释放速率和异构化效果.本研究在风洞条件下采用吸附剂PorapakQ收集6种共轭二烯性信息素成分在2种载体上不同时间的释放量,正己烷洗脱后进行气相色谱定量分析.发现6种性信息素成分在聚乙烯管载体上初始释放速率较低,从第16天开始迅速上升,在第29～43天内达到最大释放值,随后释放速率逐步降低到低释放状态.6种性信息素成分在复合橡胶载体上从点样起释放速率最高,15天后显著下降,第29天后释放速率一直处于较低的释放水平.在聚乙烯管载体上E5,Z7构型的十二碳二烯醛、醇和乙酸酯的释放速率大于相应的Z5,E7构型的释放速率,且醛和醇类性信息素释放速率大于酯类的释放速率.释放高峰期内聚乙烯管载体上性信息素成分(除顺5,反7-十二碳二烯醇外)的释放速率高于复合橡胶载体上的释放速率,差异显著.复合橡胶载体上的性信息素残留量显著大于聚乙烯管载体；2种释放载体对共轭二烯性信息素成分的异构化率也有显著差异.性信息素成分在2种载体上的比例变化可解释松毛虫林间诱蛾效果的差异.最后,对聚乙烯管载体和复合橡胶载体上性信息素成分的释放速率和异构化效果方面进行讨论.%In order to develop effective lures that can uniformly and persistently release the biologically active compounds, it is necessary to evaluate the release rates and isomerizations of the active compounds in the most commonly used release substrates of polyethylene ( PE) vial and gray rubber septum. In this paper, the release rates of six synthetic conjugated dienes pheromone compounds were measured by collecting volatiles released from polyethylene ( PE) vials and gray rubber septum at intervals of exposure time under wind tunnels conditions. The method is involved in the passage of air over dispensers containing pheromone, and entrapment of the pheromone on Porapak Q. Desorption of the absorbents with hexane solvent is followed by quantification by Gas Chromatography (GC). The results showed that the release rates of six sex pheromones in PE vials maintained lower level in the first two weeks, then increased sharply to the maximum phase during 29-43 d, and then reduced to a lower level. However, a different release pattern was observed in the rubber dispensers. The largest.release rate occurred from lure loading, and then the rate rapidly declined after 15 d, and maintained a relatively low level after 29 d. In the PE vials, the E5 ,Z7-dodecadien-1-ol, and its corresponding acetate and aldehyde derivatives had higher release rates than that of Z5 ,E7 configurations, and the release rates of alcohols and aldehydes were greater than that of acetates. During the peak release period, the release rates of sex pheromones ( except rnZ5,E7 - 12:OH) from PE dispensers were significantly greater than that of rubber dispensers. The residuals of sex pheromones in rubber dispensers were significantly greater than that in PE dispensers, and the isomerization rates of sex pheromones were significantly different between the two dispensers. The variation of blend ratios in PE and rubber dispensers was determined. These shifting patterns of relative release in the two substrates could interpret the variations in relative catch of Dendrolimus spp. The effects of PE and rubber dispensers on release rate s and the isomerization are discussed.
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