[Objective]In order to develop genetically improved liaoning poplar ( Populus × liaoningensis) ,the process of flowering and pollen germination were observed and analyzed.[Method]The process of flowering,pollen germination in vitro and the effect of different storage methods on pollen germination and growth of pollen tubes were investigated through water culture,pollen germination in vitro and pllen storing by means of drawing model pattern and graphic interpretation to systematically study the development of staminate catkin and pollen dispersal,and pollen germination in vitro,and to explore the impacts of different storage conditions on pollen germination and growth of pollen tubes.[Result]1) Four stages such as bud time,extension period and so on belong to the course of the flowering. It will spent 12 days. After the anthers mature, it was easy to be dispersed for the pollen with slightly vibrate. 2) The optimal culture medium for germination was 210 g·L -1 sucrose + 30 mg·L -1 H3 BO3 + 10 mg·L -1 CaCl2 ,the rate of germination was up to 58. 57%. Effects of temperature, sucrose,H3BO3 and CaCl2were remarkable in orthogonal design experiment(P≤0. 05). The best culture medium for growth of pollen tubes was 150 g·L -1 sucrose + 40 mg·L -1 H3 BO3 + 10 mg·L -1 CaCl2 ,the average length of tubes was 753. 20 μm in seventh group. 3) The pollen tubes have no longer extended after 7 h culture in dark. 4) The germination rate was higher than any other temperatures(4 ℃ and room temperature) cultivating under the temperature of -20 ℃ and it ’s similar to the pollen tubes. When we laid aside the pollen in a constant temperature,as the time went on,the germination got lower and the length of the pollen tubes got shorter.[Conclusion]The pollen should be collected in the third stage to avoid the pollen loss. The relationship between pollen tubes and germination rates was no significant by statistic analysis. Pollen stored in a lower temperature had a higher viability,meanwhile,it took a shorter time for pollen tubes to reach to a same length. Compared with the fresh pollen,if the stored pollen was used to cross experiment,the times of the suitable pollination should be increased and the interval between the two fertilization should be extended.%【目的】对辽宁杨雄花序及花粉萌发过程进行观测与分析，为更好地利用辽宁杨进行良种选育提供依据。【方法】以辽宁杨雄花序为对象，通过花枝水培、花粉体外萌发和花粉贮藏等手段，借助模式图绘制、图表解析等方法，系统研究辽宁杨雄花序发育及散粉规律、花粉体外萌发规律，并探讨不同贮藏条件对花粉萌发及花粉管生长的影响。【结果】1)辽宁杨雄花序从花芽膨大到散粉可分为花蕾期、伸展期、盛花期和开花末期4个阶段，历时12天，花药大多数于第4阶段成熟，此时轻微触动即可导致花粉从花药散落。2)花粉体外萌发的适宜条件为210 g· L －1蔗糖+30 mg·L －1 H3 BO3+10 mg·L －1 CaCl2，21℃，其萌发率最高，达到58.57%；150 g·L －1蔗糖+40 mg·L －1 H3 BO3+10 mg·L －1 CaCl2，23℃组合中的花粉管最长，达到753.20μm。蔗糖、H3 BO3、CaCl2、温度对辽宁杨花粉萌发及花粉管生长影响均达到显著水平(P＜0.05)。3)暗培养7 h时，花粉管不再伸长。4)－20℃下贮藏的花粉，其萌发率高于另外2个温度条件下的萌发率，且贮藏温度越低花粉管越长；同一贮藏温度下，花粉萌发率随贮藏时间的延长而降低，花粉管随贮藏时间的延长而变短。【结论】为避免花粉损失，花粉的采集应考虑在雄花序发育的第3阶段进行；对花粉管长度和花粉萌发率的统计分析表明二者不存在相关关系；贮藏温度越低，花粉生活力降低的速度越慢，花粉管萌发到相同长度所需的时间越短；与新鲜花粉相比，若是利用贮藏的花粉进行杂交试验，为保证授粉效果，此时的授粉次数应增加而授粉的时间间隔应延长。
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