全基因组关联分析在畜禽中的研究进展

摘要

Genome-wide association study (GWAS) is a new research method for complex traits developed in recent years.In the last several years,many GWAS were performed focusing on economically important traits,genetic defect diseases,resistant or susceptible ability to complex diseases,breed characteristics of the main livestock and poultries.These studies not only enlarged molecular markers used in the marker-assisted selection,but provided important information for elaborate the genetic mechanism of these traits.In this study,the populations,main statistical methods and results of the GWAS in main livestock and poultry were reviewed.Furthermore,some prospect of GWAS in the future was made.This review will provide reference for further research on genetic background of the important traits of livestock and poultry by GWAS.%全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association studies,GWAS)是近几年发展起来的一种复杂性状研究的新方法.在过去几年中,国内外不少研究者对畜禽的重要经济性状、遗传缺陷性疾病、复杂疾病的抗性、品种的某些特征等性状开展了GWAS.这些研究不仅大大丰富了畜禽标记辅助选择中可利用的分子标记,而且为这些性状分子机理的探索研究提供了重要线索.本文对国内外畜禽GWAS中所用的群体、主要分析方法和研究结果进行综述,并对GWAS的研究应用做一展望,以期为进一步利用GWAS进行畜禽各种性状遗传基础的研究提供参考.