抑制效益型团队合作中“搭便车”现象研究--基于演化博弈的复制者动态模型

摘要

利用演化博弈理论中的复制者动态模型研究影响效益型团队合作的六个相关因素，发现其中的合作成本、监督效果、惩罚力度是对抑制合作中“搭便车”现象起决定性作用的三个直接变量。从这三个变量的角度出发提出以提高成员适应工作的能力、细化量化工作考核、增加奖惩的区分度、提高物质条件水平以及合理控制团队规模为手段来抑制“搭便车”的行为。系统研究相关因素并找出各变量的具体作用，对科学管理团队具有重要意义。%The paper studies six related factors influencing team cooperation by using replicator dynamic model of evolu-tionary game theory.It finds out that the cost of cooperation,the effect of supervision and punishment are the decisive di-rect variables to inhibit the “free-riding”phenomenon in cooperation.From these three variables,the paper states the improvement skills of labors,specifying and quantifying of job responsibility,increasing of the disparity between award and punishments,the improvement of the conditions of material level and reasonably controlling of the team scale to inhibit the “free-riding”.The paper has a study on related factors to identify the specific role of each variable,which has a great significance for scientifically managing team.