政府科技资助是否影响了中国工业企业技术创新效率

摘要

政府科技资助与技术创新之间的关系至今没有达成共识，但各国政府仍然倾向加大政府科技资助解决工业企业技术创新的“市场失灵”问题。基于效率视角，实证分析政府科技资助是否提升了中国工业企业技术创新能力。研究发现：政府科技资助与工业企业技术创新效率之间呈现“U”型关系。当政府科技资助形成规模效应，才能提高工业企业技术创新效率；当前由于政府科技资助结构不合理，显著抑制了工业企业技术创新效率。无论是国有工业企业还是非国有工业企业，实现创新驱动发展的目标依然任重而道远；地理位置、基础设施、劳动者素质和开放度等变量对国有工业企业和非国有工业企业技术创新效率有不同的影响。基于政府科技资助的优化、硬件环境、智力支持、氛围熏陶等视角对中国工业企业提高技术创新效率提供政策建议。%There is no agreement about the relationship between public S&T subsidies and technological innovation,but each country’s government is inclined to solve the “market failures”of industrial enterprises’technological innovation. This paper analyzes whether the public S&T subsidies can affect Chinese industrial enterprises’technological innovative ca-pacity from the perspective of efficiency.The results reveal that there is “U” -form relationship between public S&T sub-sidies and Chinese industrial enterprises’technological innovative efficiency.It can improve industrial enterprises’techno-logical innovative efficiency when public S&T subsidies generate scale effect,while it restrains industrial enterprises’tech-nological innovation efficiency because of unreasonable structure of public S&T subsidies.It’s still a long way for state -owned and non -state -owned industrial enterprises to achieve the goal of innovation -driven development;the variables of location,infrastructure,workers’capacity and opening degree and so on have different effects on state -owned and non -state -owned industrial enterprises’technological innovative efficiency.Finally,this paper will contribute to the policy proposal for China's industrial enterprises’improvement of the technology innovative efficiency from the view of public S&T subsidies,the “hardware”environment,“intelligence”support,“atmosphere”edification.