生态决策中的“米提斯”——以载畜量算法在新疆草业的应用为例

摘要

在全球性的现代化过程中,具有良好用意的政治家花费巨大的人力与物力设计出各种政策及其项目,想创造一个更公平的社会,然而许多项目都失败了,失败根源在于作为决策基础的科学与地方性情境的脱节.以载畜量算法在新疆草业治理实践为例,表明这些失败源于一种共同的思维方式——逻辑实证论.为实现社会主义生态文明这一宏大的战略目标,不仅需要脚踏实地的实干,还需要把握正确的思维方式,成为在生态决策中能游刃于理论与实际之间的米提斯式能手.%In the process of global modernization,politicians with good intentions spend a lot of manpower and resources and design a variety of policies and projects,in order to create a society which is more equitable.However,many projects have failed.The failures were attributed to the reason that the science as the basis for decision making was disjointed with the local situation.This paper,taking grazing capacity algorithm in governance practices of XinJiang prataculture industry as an example,shows that these failures are due to a common mode of thinking-logical positivism.Therefore,in order to achieve the ambitious strategic goal of socialism ecological civilization,down-to-earth work is needed and the correct thinking mode should be developed,which could help us become Metis in ecological decisions between theory and practice.