一种基于星敏感器的自主导航方法

摘要

Due to the error accumulation of inertia navigation system,the navigation error of the autonomous navigation system using inertia and celestial autonomous navigation algorithm is decreased.The navigation error of autonomous navigation system using star light refraction is not accuracy because the model of atmosphere is not exactitude.For this reason,an autonomous navigation algorithm using star sensor is put forward.The quaternion of the object is provided by star sensor directly and the longitude and latitude of the object are calculated using quaternion and plane sensors.The results of the night sky experiments show not only the precision of the quaternion is angle second class,but also the precision of positions are angle second class.So the high precision navigation information is provided using the algorithm.%由于惯性器件存在漂移,很难进一步提高采用惯性设备提供水平基准来实现星敏感器自主导航精度;而由于大气模型不精确,很难进一步提高利用星光折射来实现星敏感器自主导航的精度。为此,本文提出根据星敏感器的识别结果以及激光水平测量部件分别测量星敏感器的两个像平面轴来实现星敏感器自主导航。外场实验结果表明：采用本文的方法来实现星敏感器自主导航不仅能为载体提供角秒级精度的三轴姿态,而且能为载体提供角秒级的载体经度和纬度,所以该系统为载体提供了高精度的导航信息。