生物接触氧化法处理农村河道受污染水体中试研究

摘要

为了提高生物接触氧化法修复农村受污染河道水体的处理效果,构建了处理规模为150 m3/d的河道模拟装置,系统开展了生物接触氧化法处理农村河道受污染水体运行控制参数优化研究.讨论了弹性填料、组合填料、悬浮球填料在较佳工况下对CODCr、NH4+-N、TN、TP的去除效果.结果表明:气水比6:1 ～ 8:1、CODCr容积负荷0.1～0.5 kg/(m3·d)、水力负荷2.4 ～ 7.2 m3/(m3·d)时,系统对污染物有较好的去除效果.中试系统较优工况运行时,相较于空白对照,装填填料对各污染物的去除效率提高20％ ～ 30％.组合填料对CODcr、NH4+-N、TN、TP的去除率分别稳定在74.87％、78.37％、34.39％、44.69％以上,优于弹性填料和悬浮球填料.研究结果可为提高生物接触氧化法对农村河道受污染水体处理效果提供技术支持,对生物接触氧化法修复受损河道水体工程实践具备一定的参考意义.%In most rural areas of China,the main pollutants are organic pollutants,nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients.To improve the treatment effect of the biological contact oxidation process (BCOP) on the polluted river water in rural areas of China,pilot tests with simulated river reactors of 150 m3/d were carried out to study the optimal operation and control parameters and the effect of different fillings of soft,combined and suspended plastic ball packing.6 months' test showed that the gas-water ratio of 6:1 to 8:1,the CODcr volumetric loading of 0.1 ～0.5 kg/(m3 · d),the hydraulic load of 2.4 ～7.2 m3/(m3 · d) were the optimal operation and control parameters.Compared with the blank control,in the optimal conditions,the removal rate of fillings to each pollutant was increased by 20％ ～ 30％.Among the fillings,the combined packing had higher removal rate of CODcr,NH4+-N,TN and TP.The removal rates of CODcr,NH4+-N,TN and TP in the simulated river reactor with combination packing were more than 74.87％,78.37％,34.39％ and 44.69％,respectively.The research results can provide technical support for improving the treatment effect of BCOP on polluted river water in rural areas,and have certain reference value in engineering practice to repair the damaged river water body.