氯化锌法制备山核桃壳-玉米秸秆混合基活性炭

摘要

In this experiment,a hybrid based activated carbon was prepared by using the corn stalk and walnut shell as raw materials and zinc chloride as the activator.Four influencing factors including mass ratio of corn straw and walnut shell,quality of zinc chloride,activation temperature and activation time were investigated.The optimum preparing condition is that the mass ratio of corn straw and walnut shell is 3:7,the zinc chloride mass is 25 g(per 10 g biomass),the activation temperature is 700 ℃ and the activation time is 1 h.The activated carbon prepared under the optimum condition reaches the national high quality standard of activated carbon.Its iodine adsorption quantity is 1 079.72 mg/g,the methylthionine chloride adsorption quantity is 208.54 mg/g.Its specific surface area is 1 269.33 m2/g and the main pore is mesopore.The absorption experiments for both Malachite Green and Orange Ⅱ were carried out by using prepared activated carbon.The removal of the two dyes is up to 93 ％.The adsorption follows the pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic model and Freundlich adsorption thermodynamics model.%以玉米秸秆和山核桃壳为原料,采用氯化锌法制备混合基生物质活性炭.考察了两种生物质材料的配比、氯化锌用量、活化温度和活化时间对活性炭性能的影响,确定其最佳制备条件为:玉米秸秆与山核桃壳质量比为3∶7;氯化锌用量为25 g(每10 g生物质);活化温度为700℃;活化时间为1h.上述条件制备的活性炭碘值为1 079.72 mg·g-1,亚甲基蓝值为208.54mg·g-1,达到了国家优质活性炭标准.其比表面积BET为1 269.33 m2·g-1,孔径以中孔为主.利用所制备的活性炭对染料孔雀石绿和金橙Ⅱ进行了吸附实验,发现活性炭对这两种染料的吸附率可达93％,吸附过程符合伪二阶吸附动力学模型和Freundlich吸附热力学模型.