Theoretical and experimental study on surface tension and dynamic surface tension of aqueous lithium bromide and water with additive

摘要

The surface tensions of water and aqueous lithium bromide (LiBr) with 2-ethyl-1-hexa- nol (2EH) and 1-octanol were measured using Wilhelmy plate method, and the oscillation of surface tension under the open condition for LiBr solution was observed. The dynamic surface tensions of water and LiBr solution in the presence of the 2EH and 1-octanol vapor were measured in this paper. The results showed that the additives vapor could obviously affect surface tension. For water, the dynamic surface tension was also affected by the mass of the tested liquid; however, for LiBr solution, the dynamic surface tension was not related to the mass of the tested solution. According to the experimental results, the hypothesis that surface tension varies linearly with the surface excess concentration is advanced, which could overcome the limit of Gibbs equation. The equations of surface absorption and desorption are modified, the units of the adsorption coefficient and desorption coefficient are unified; the effects of the liquid and vapor of additive on the surface tension are unified; the theoretical relations of the static surface tension and dynamic surface tension with the relative contents of the liquid and vapor of additive are obtained under the combined actions of them; the theoretical equations are validated by the experiments results.