紫外-可见光谱技术在化学研究中的应用

摘要

The application of ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy has been expanded from conventional identification and content determination of compounds to cover diverse aspects of the determination of chemical reaction thermodynamics and kinetics. In order to guide students to use the UV-Vis spectroscopy technology flexibly in experiments and research, its application in chemical research is summarized based on the examples available in the literature and the experimental data in the lab. The discussed aspects include the equilibrium constant measurement of different types of chemical reactions such as acid-base dissociation reaction, coordination reaction and small molecule-DNA interaction, the rate constant measurement taking a polymerization reaction as an example, and in situ UV-Vis spectroelectrochemical measurement for electrode reactions. The cited examples show that UV-Vis speclroscopy technology can play an important role in chemical reaction study, based on the appropriate design of experiments.%紫外-可见(UV-Vis)光谱技术已从常规的化合物定性鉴定及含量测定拓展应用到化学反应热力学和动力学测定的许多方面. 为引导学生灵活运用该技术开展实验及研究,通过引用文献中的实例和本实验室的实测数据,从多方面概括了UV-Vis光谱技术在化学反应研究中的应用,包括一元/多元酸碱离解反应、配合反应、小分子与DNA相互作用等不同类型化学反应的平衡常数测定,以聚合反应为例的动力学速率常数测定,以及基于薄层长光程电解池的电化学反应原位光谱电化学测量等 这些实例表明,通过恰当的实验方案设计,UV-Vis光谱技术可以在化学反应研究中发挥重要作用.