成本控制下的基础有机化学实验室绿色化措施

摘要

基础有机化学实验室的绿色化改革是解决其环境污染问题的有效途径,但是现行绿色化措施因为在教学过程和效果以及实验成本控制等方面的不足限制了它们的推广应用.通过对基础有机实验的仔细分析,在实验设计中降低试剂浓度、替换高毒易挥发性试剂和使用耐用标准磨口器具,从源头上减少了实验室有害物质和器具的消耗量,大大减少了污染物的排放,降低了实验成本,实现了成本控制下的基础有机化学实验室绿色化;同时,这些措施最大程度地保留了现行基础有机化学实验教学的方式和效果,极具普适性和可行性,有望在同类基础有机化学实验室推广应用.%Greenization of basic organic chemistry laboratory is the best way for resolving its pollutions;however,current greening measures were restricted for wide range of applications due to their drawbacks on teaching process and effectiveness,as well as the cost.Three effective measures,including decreasing concentration of reagents,replacing high toxic or volatile compounds,utilizing apparatus with durable materials and standard ground joint,were proposed based on carefully analyzing the character of basic organic chemistry experiments,by which the consumption of noxious compounds and apparatus have been reduced form the source.Therefore,the pollutions and cost were decreased greatly and the process of greenization of basic organic chemistry laboratories was boosted without any additional funds.At the same time,to the greatest extent,the current teaching process and effectiveness of basic organic chemistry experiments could be retained,hence,endowed these greening measures with universality and feasibility.It is expected that they can be widely used in greenization of basic organic chemistry laboratories.