教育的“平等”与“卓越”——基于美、英教育政策的分析

摘要

A thorough understanding of the dialectical relation between equality and excellence in education will has a profound influence on a country＇s national-level decision-making and educational strategies. Furthermore, it will impact on a country＇s essential estimation that how long or what extent to which the vision would be realization. The author of this article, based on the reviewing on the education policy and practice in the United States and England, discussed and analyzed the relation between equality and excellence in education and suggested three implications for the equalization of China＇s compulsory education with the perspectives of the concept and development of ＂equality＂ and the difficult realization for ＂equality＂, ＂equality＂ and ＂excellence＂ being supplement each other rather than being separated from each other, and personalized ＂equality＂ and selective ＂excellence＂.%教育“平等”与“卓越”之辩证关系的认识，将深刻地影响一个国家的宏观决策和教育战略，进而影响到一个国家对用多长时间或在何种程度上实现这一愿景的基本估计。本文基于对美、英教育政策思想和政策实践的回顾，从平等概念的发展及平等实现的困难、“平等”与“卓越”的不可割裂性以及要实现有个性的“平等”和有选择的“卓越”等角度，讨论、分析了教育“平等”与“卓越”的关系，并提炼出对我国义务教育均衡化的三条启示。