中国公务员规模适度吗？--社会发展效率下的最优规模确定

摘要

中国公务员规模大小一直是学术界争论的问题。文章以省级地方政府为研究对象，以“帕累托最优”为指导，以“企业家政府理论”和“新公共服务理论”为基础，应用DEA方法，从经济增长和社会发展视角，对2012年中国大陆31个省级地方政府公务员规模效率进行了测算；同时，应用Tobit回归模型，对效率进行修正，并利用修正效率来刻画实际公务员规模与最优规模之间的差距，进而得到理论上的中国公务员最优规模。实证结果表明，在经济增长视角下，公务员实际规模高于理论上的最优规模；在社会发展视角下，实际规模低于理论上的最优规模。%Chinese civil servant size has been a controversial question in academia.Taking 3 1 provincial governments in China mainland as the research object,as a guidance of Pareto optimal,based on Entrepreneurial Government Theory and New Public Service Theory,using the DEA method,the paper calculates efficiencies of civil servants size of 31 local governments under different perspective from economic growth and social development with Tobit regression model to cor-rect efficiencies.Corrected efficiencies are used to depict the gap between the actual civil servant size and the optimal one, and then the paper gets theoretically optimal size of China’s overall civil servant.The empirical results show that under the perspective of economic growth,the actual civil servant size is higher than the theoretical optimal size,while is less than the theoretical optimal size under the perspective of social development.