农业现代化进程中农户农业标准化生产意愿分析

摘要

农业现代化进程中，农户参与农业标准化生产，实质上就是参与农业现代化建设，其标准化生产意愿直接影响到我国农业现代化的进程和方向，关系到农业现代化的速度和效果。基于预期成本收益视角，分析了农业标准化与农业现代化之间的关系，提出农业转型升级背景下农业标准化新内涵，构建了农户农业标准化生产意愿及其影响因素的理论模型，运用Logistic计量模型和四川省11个县（市）297个种植业农户的调查数据对理论模型进行了实证检验。结果表明，生产行为特征因素对农户农业标准化生产意愿影响较显著，其中标准化种植成本、标准化风险成本具有显著负向影响，而标准化农作物增产比例、标准化农产品质量和农户组织化程度则具有显著正向影响。提出了改善农业标准化生产条件，加强农业科研院所与种子企业深度合作，培育名特优农作物新品种，提高标准化农产品单产，降低标准化农产品种植成本；鼓励“农超对接”，减少流通环节，实现标准化农产品“优质优价”的政策建议。%In essence, farm ers’participation in the agricultural production standardization is part of the agricultural m odernization in C hina.Farm ers’w illingness to participate in agriculturalproduction standardization w illdirectly affect the process,direction,and the speed ofagriculturalm odernization.From the expected costand incom e perspective,this paper analyzes the relationship betw een agricultural production standardization and agricultural m odernization, suggests the new connotation of agricultural production standardization under the background of upgrading agricultural industry, and constructs a theoretical m odel of farm ers’w illingness to participate in agricultural production standardization. T his paper also applies the m odel to conduct the em pirical analysis for the survey data of 297 rural households from 11 counties (cities) in Sichuan Province. R esults show that the production behavior characteristics is the m ost im portant factor in the farm ers’w illingness to participate in agricultural production standardization. T he costs and risks of production standardization have som e significant negative im pacts. B ut the increased yield and quality from the production standardization have som e significant positive im pacts. T herefore, this paper suggests that 1) im proving the production conditions of agricultural standardization;2) strengthening the depth of cooperation am ong agricultural scientific research institutions and seed enterprises;3) cultivating new varieties;4) im proving the yield of agricultural production standardization;5) reducing production costs of agricultural production standardization, 6) encouraging‘agriculture superm arketdocking’,and 7)reducing the circulation link and realizing the high price ofthe products from agriculturalproduction standardization.