浸渍改性活性炭对正丁烷吸附性能的研究

摘要

借助SEM,FT-IR,Bohem滴定,氮气吸附对改性后的活性炭进了分析,研究了KOH溶液、NaHCO3溶液、HNO3溶液浸渍改性活性炭机理.对3种浸渍改性剂改性效果进行了比较,结果表明KOH溶液、NaHCO3溶液的改性效果要优于HNO3溶液的改性效果；而NaHCO3溶液的浸渍改性作用比KOH溶液更明显些.浸渍过程中会改变活性炭表面和孔结构,出现了凹凸不平、裂痕、团聚现象,使比表面积发生改变；浸渍作用会引起孔隙扩大、孔道坍塌、孔径堵塞等现象,使得孔容积发生变化,进而影响了活性炭的吸附性能.另外,浸渍改性过程会影响活性炭表面的官能团,进而影响其吸附性能:总碱度越大,丁烷吸附性能越小；活性炭表面的羧基越少、内酯基越少,酚羟基浓度越多,对丁烷的吸附量也越大.%The activated carbon impregnated by the solution of KOH,NaHCO3 and HNO3 was studied through the SEM, FT-IR, Bohem titration and nitrogen adsorption for the impregnation mechanism and characteristics. The results showed that the impregnation effect of KOH and NaHCO3 was superior to the effect of HNO3 and NaHCO3 was more obvious than KOH, the impregnation process would change activated carbon surface and pore structure,uneven and cracks, agglomeration was occurred, specific surface area changed.Impregnation also led to pore expansion, collapse,blockage, making the pore volume changed,so the adsorption performance was affected.In addition,the surface functional group of activated carbon was effected by the impregnation process,which also affected its adsorption properties.The greater the total alkalinity was, the smaller the butane adsorption performance was; the less carboxyl group and lactone group of the carbon surface was and the more phenolic hydroxyl was, the greater the adsorption of butane was.