西安市小雁塔出土的唐代线刻菩萨系吴道子真迹

摘要

From the courtyard of the Small Wild Goose Pagoda, which was the Jianfu Monastery in the Tang Dynasty, stone carving with incised line drawing of a bodhisattva portrait has been unearthed. Based on the iconographic characteristics and referring to the relevant historic literatures and the iconographic materials of the mural of WeimojieJingbian (pictorial narrative of VimalakirtiSutra) in the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, this paper proved that the motif of the stone carving with bodhisattva portrait was a part of the pictorial narrative of VimalakirtiSutra. Moreover, this paper pointed out that the original sketch of this bodhisattva portrait was the pictorial narrative of Vimalakirti Sutra drawn by Wu Daozi in Bodhi Court of the Jianfu Monastery, and inferred that this stone carving was the direct trace of Wu Daozi's original artwork.%西安市小雁塔即唐代荐福寺的塔院，曾经在其遗址中发现线刻菩萨的石刻。笔者根据出土石刻的图像特征，并结合有关文献及敦煌莫高窟维摩诘经变中的图像资料，论证石刻上的题材是维摩诘经变的一部分。同时，更进一步指出，该石刻上的线刻菩萨图像是以吴道子在荐福寺菩提院的维摩诘经变画为底稿雕刻而成，从而推断小雁塔发现的石刻当系吴道子真迹。