陕西省现存喇嘛塔遗迹初探

摘要

Comprehensively referring to the textual records and onsite surveys, this paper makes a preliminary summarization to the data of the extant stupas in Shaanxi Province. According to the exactly dated inscriptions of these stupas or relevant tablets, this paper revealed that the two main types of the stupas--the typical stupa form and the form of the combination of the Han-styled pagoda and Tibetan-styled stupa--were mostly the burial monument stupas of the celebrated monks of the Han-Chinese Buddhist monasteries in the administrative areas of Xi'an Prefecture and Yulin Garrison of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Referring to the religious policies of the Ming Dynasty and the local religious beliefs, this paper pointed out that in the area governed by the Shaanxi Provincial Administration Commission of the Ming Dynasty, the Han Chinese Buddhism from the east and the Tibetan Buddhism from the west were coexisting and inlfuencing each other in some sense.%本文将文字记载与野外调查相结合，通过对陕西省境内现存的喇嘛塔遗迹进行了初步的资料汇总与整理，依据残留的铭文或碑文的确切年代，发现两种主要形制---喇嘛塔的典型形制与汉藏佛塔构件的组合形制，多为明清时期西安府与榆林卫两个地区的汉传佛教寺院内的高僧墓塔。结合明代的宗教政策与当地的宗教信仰，探究出明代陕西布政使司东部的汉传佛教与西部的藏传佛教并行不悖，存在一定程度的相互影响。