Green Catalysis Center;
College of Chemistry;
Zhengzhou University;
Zhengzhou 450001;
China;
Center of Advanced Materials Research;
Zhongyuan University of Technology;
Zhengzhou 450007;
China;
Northwest Composites Center;
Department of Materials;
University of Manchester;
Manchester M139PL;
UK;
Sodium-ion battery; Hard carbon; Hierarchically porous structure; SEI; Ester-based electrolyte;