从人力资本的社会功能到社会功能性资本--兼论普通劳动力人力资本的赋予

摘要

There are big differences on capital and human capital theories between traditional western mainstream econom-ics and Marx economics.To make the two kinds of theories unified can bring better benefits for the development of labor eco-nomics.Regardless of whether labor is a kind of capital,when it is seen as human capital,it has four social functions include el-emental function,efficiency function,averaging function and stable function.So labor can be used as a kind of social functional capital which is artificial but beneficial.It is very meaningful to take senior labor and common labor as human capital.It is not only the requirement of fairness and efficiency within the economic system,but also the requirement of fairness and efficiency of the social system.%西方主流经济学和传统马克思主义经济学对资本和人力资本理论的认知存在重大分歧，取得二者在人力资本理论上的统一有利于劳动经济学的更好发展。不管人力是否天然就是一种资本，当其被视为人力资本时，就具有了包括要素功能、效率功能、均平功能和稳定功能在内的四大社会功能，所以人力可以作为一种有益的、人为赋予的社会功能性资本而存在。赋予包括普通劳动力在内的人力以资本身份具有重要的社会功能性意义，它不仅是经济系统内部的公平效率要求，也是整个社会系统的公平和效率要求。