任务转换的准备效应和通道效应

摘要

Switching cost was an important index to quantify executive control, preparation time and the channels of auditory and visual cues were two main factors. There were 49 college students as partici- pants, used task switching paradigm with the pictures of Wisconsin card sorting task as experimental mat- erails to investigate the effect of channels of auditory and visual cues on task switching cost under 200ms and 600ms preparation conditions. The results showed that： there were significant effect of preparation and effect of channels for general switch cost, these indicated that extend preparation time and provide auditory cues will contribute to reduce general switch cost; and there were only the effect of channels for special switch cost, this indicated that auditory cues than visual cues will contribute to reduce special switch cost.%转换代价是量化执行控制持续时间的重要指标，准备时间和视听通道线索是其两个主要影响因素。选取49名大学生为被试，采用任务转换范式，以威斯康星卡片分类任务图片为实验材料，考察200ms和600ms准备时间条件下视听通道线索对任务转换的影响。结果发现，一般转换代价出现了准备效应和通道效应，表明延长准备时间和提供听觉线索有助于减小一般转换代价；特定转换代价仅出现了通道效应，表明听觉线索比视觉线索更有助于减小特定转换代价。