Objective:To investigate the tolerance of children acute myeloid leukemia to high-dose cytarabine,so as to provide guidance for clinic.Methods:40 cases of acute myeloid leukemia patients admitted from January 2007 to January 2011 were selected as the clinical study objects,and randomly divided into group A and group B,each group of 20 patients.The two groups were given high-dose cytarabine.Patients of group A were given dosage of 3 g/m2 body surface area; group B were given dosage of 2 g/m2 body surface area.A week later observed was the therapeutic effect,nervous system toxicity and side effects of the two groups.Results:After one week of treatment,2 cases in group A (10.00％) had anemia,less than that in group B which had 8 cases of anemia (40.00％).Patients in group A showed severer degree m neurotoxic headache,lethargy,apathy and convulsions than in group B,as well as in aspects of nystagmus,dysdiadochokinesia and ataxia.Conclusion:High-dose of cytarabine has better efficacy and were generally tolerated,but resulted in severe adverse reactions.%目的:探讨儿童急性髓系白血病对于大剂量阿糖胞苷的耐受性,为临床用药提供指导.方法:从我院2007年1月～2011年1月收治的儿童急性髓系白血病患者中选取40例,将其作为临床研究对象,随机分成A、B两组,每组均20例患者.两组都给予大剂量阿糖胞苷,A组患者给予体表面积3 g/m2用量;B组患者给予体表面积2 g/m2用量.一周后,分别观察两组急性髓系白血病儿童的治疗效果、神经系统毒性和副作用.结果:治疗一周后,A组患者贫血例数2例(10.00％)较B组患者贫血例数8例(40.00％)少,A组患者所表现的神经毒性头疼、嗜睡、淡漠及惊厥方面较B组患者严重,A组患者所表现的副作用眼球震颤、轮替运动障碍、共济失调均较B组患者严重.结论:大剂量阿糖胞苷虽具有更好的疗效,基本耐受但其不良反应相对严重.
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