适用于合成气制甲烷的Ni基催化剂

摘要

合成气(CO、H2)甲烷化是合成天然气的有效途径,Ni基催化剂是目前最具有工业化应用潜力的甲烷化催化剂.在催化反应过程中,由于高CO浓度、反应温度,以及原料气中的含硫组分,所以催化剂易发生积碳、烧结和硫中毒,从而导致失活.如何提高Ni基催化剂的抗硫性能、抗烧结和抗积碳能力仍是一个挑战.本文分别从金属-载体相互作用、催化剂表界面性质调控以及限域效应这三个方面综述了近年来在提高Ni基催化剂抗积碳、抗烧结和抗硫中毒性能领域的最新研究进展,以期为Ni基甲烷化催化剂微观结构设计及反应性能调控提供理论依据.%Syngas(CO,H2) methanation is an effective route to produce synthetic nature gas (SNG),and the Ni-based catalysts are extensively used for this reaction.However,due to the high CO concentration,high reaction temperature and the presence of sulfur-containing compounds in raw gas,the Ni-based catalysts suffer from sintering,carbon deposition and sulfur poisoning during the methanation reaction.These often lead to the catalyst deactivation.How to improve the sulfur-tolerant,anti-sintering and anti-carbon deposition abilities of the Ni-based catalysts remains a great challenge.In this paper,the recent progress in solving the above issue is reviewed from the aspects of the metal-support interaction,the interface modification and the confinement effect to provide a theoretical basis for the microstructure design and the performance regulation of the Ni-based methanation catalysts.