铁基复合材料的制备及其对水中锑的去除

摘要

水体中重金属污染物锑因为具有较高的积累毒性和致癌性而受到研究者的广泛关注.近年来由于世界范围内的锑污染问题日益严峻,因此急需发展经济高效的锑污染处理技术.纳米Feo、Fe3O4以及FeMnOx等铁基复合材料凭借其吸附能力强,易分离回收以及安全环保等特点而成为国内外锑污染去除领域的研究热点.本文总结了零价铁和铁氧化物复合材料以及铁基双金属氧化物的制备、改性方法及其对水中污染物锑的去除,重点分析了不同铁基复合材料对Sb(Ⅲ)和Sb(Ⅴ)的吸附机理,总结了温度、pH、共存离子等外界环境对铁基复合材料吸附性能的影响机制,优选了最佳的吸附条件.最后介绍了现有锑污染去除研究中存在的主要问题,展望了铁基复合材料处理水中锑污染物的重点发展方向.%The pollution of antimony (Sb) species in natural waters has drawn more and more attention due to their high cumulative toxicity and carcinogenicity.In recent years,it is highly in demand to develop efficient and economical technologies to address the increasing pollution of antimony all over the world.Iron-based composite materials (e.g.Fe0,Fe3O4,and FeMnOx) have become a research hotspot in the field of antimony treatment based on their various advantages,including high adsorption capacity,easy separation and recycling,safety and environmental friendliness,etc.This article summarizes the preparation,modification and application of ironbased composite materials based on zero-valent iron,ferric oxide and iron bimetallic oxide for the removal of Sb(Ⅲ) and Sb(Ⅴ) in water.The adsorption mechanisms of Sb(Ⅲ) and Sb(Ⅴ) by different iron-based composite materials are emphatically discussed.The effects of temperature,pH and co-existing ions on the Sb adsorption of iron-based composite materials are also investigated,to find the optimal adsorption condition.Finally,some primary issues about antimony removal are proposed and the outlook of key developing trends on the antimony removal by iron-based composite materials are presented.