由于大气湍流的影响，传统地基望远镜难以获得高空间分辨率的图像。天文学家为了在天文成像、测光观测、天体测量等领域的研究中得到更好的结果，不断追求克服地球大气的影响，获得更高空间分辨率的方法。幸运成像技术是一种能够使地面望远镜获得接近其衍射极限分辨能力的技术方案，具有成本低、设备简单的优点。介绍了幸运成像技术的发展趋势和基本原理，总结了国际上目前在用的幸运成像系统及其设备参数。结合幸运成像技术在国际上成功应用实例，综述了含系外行星多恒星系统的观测研究、双星系统轨道测量、球状星团中变星搜寻等天文观测获得的大量研究成果。随着新数据处理方法的应用，近年来蓬勃发展的幸运成像与自适应光学复合技术，将进一步拓展幸运成像技术的应用前景。%It is difficult for traditional ground-based telescopes to achieve high spatial resolution, due to the influence of atmospheric turbulence. Lucky imaging is a simpler and cost-effectively solution to enable ground-based telescopes to obtain nearly diffraction-limited resolution. This paper introduces the principle and progress of lucky imaging, and reviews some existing lucky imaging systems. Several researches on crowded fields by using lucky imaging, such as multiplicity studies of stars with exoplanets, orbital measurements of close binary stars, and surveys of variable stars in globular clusters, are discussed. With the development of data reduction methods, the application of lucky imaging will be further extended by the composite technology of lucky imaging and adaptive optics.
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