南极磷虾粉对大菱鲆生长、非特异性免疫及氟残留的影响

摘要

以鱼粉、南极磷虾粉和豆粕为蛋白源,以南极磷虾粉蛋白分别替代饲料中的0(对照组)、20％、40％、60％的鱼粉蛋白制成4种等氮等能的饲料,并以此饲料饲喂大菱鲆(37.36±2.12g)56 d.试验结果显示,饲料中南极磷虾粉水平对大菱鲆的成活率及特定生长率(SGR)没有显著性影响(P＞0.05)；对各组的饲料干物质表观消化率均有显著性影响(P＜0.05),替代40％组与替代60％组蛋白质表观消化率较对照组有显著性差异(P＜0.05)；对大菱鲆血清中的碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、溶菌酶及总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活力无显著性影响(P＞0.05).大菱鲆各组间肌肉中氟残留量没有显著性差异(P＞0.05),且肌肉中氟含量均在可食用范围内,大菱鲆各组间骨骼中氟残留量均有显著性差异(P＜0.05).%The effects of partial replacement of fish meal (FM) with meal made from Antarctic krill Euphausia superba as protein source in the diets for turbot Scophthalmus maximus on growth, non-specific immunity and fluoride retention were studied. Four experimental diets were prepared using an FM diet as the control. The other diets included Antarctic krill where 20% , 40% or 60% of the dietary FM protein was replaced by the protein from Antarctic krill. All diets were iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric. Four diets were fed to groups of turbot(37. 36 ± 2. 12 g) for 8 weeks. Experimental results showed that in fish fed diets containing Antarctic krill, survival, specific growth rate (SGR), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) , acid phosphatase (ACP) , lysozyme (LZM) and total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD) were significantly differentcompared with fish fed the control diet(P>0. 05). The apparent digestibility of each experimental group has significant difference (P<0. 05), and the protein digestibility rate of 3(40) group and 4(60) group had significant difference with the control group (P<0. 05). The fluoride retention in muscles of each experimental group has no significant difference (P>0. 05) , but in bones, each experimental group has significant difference (P<0. 05).