常压立式油气储罐碎片撞击及防护措施研究

摘要

掌握油气储罐受碎片冲击的失效机理,并提出可行的安全防护措施,对进一步提高油气储罐在极端条件下的安全保障意义重大.应用LS-DYNA软件模拟计算探究了块状碎片对圆筒形储罐实体撞击失效过程中影响其损伤程度的主要因素,揭示了罐体被碎片撞击侵彻失效的典型特征,并提出了在储罐之间架设一定高度的爆炸碎片撞击防护网的安全保障提升措施.为了定量论证架设安全防护网的防护效果,建立了新的引入撞击防护安全网的Monte-Carlo撞击概率求解模型,对目标罐体的撞击概率重新计算.结果显示,安全防护网的高度与防撞击概率呈线性回归关系,架设6m高的防护网就可使爆炸碎片撞击概率较无防护网时降低近一个数量级.%It is of important significance to understand the failure mechanism of atmospheric oil and gas storage tanks impacted by explosion fragments under extreme conditions , and put up feasible protection measures .The software LS-DYNA was used to explore the key factors influencing the damage degree of the storage tank impacted by plate-shaped fragments through simulation calculations ,and the typical fail-ure characteristics of the penetrated tank wall were also revealed ,and then a protective measure was pro-posed to protect the target tank from fragments impaction ,that is,by setting up a protective net of a rea-sonable height between two adjacent tanks for protection against fragments impaction .A modified net-containing Monte -Carlo model was built to recalculate the impact probability of the target tank in order to evaluate the protective effect of the net quantitatively .The results show that the impact probability and the height of the protective net have a linear regression relationship , and the impact probability can be re-duced by nearly an order of magnitude compared with the case without protective net by erecting a 6 m high protective net .