Research progress of the passive microwave remote sensing for snow cover at home and abroad in recent years was overviewed, and common passive microwave sensors SMMR(Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer), SSM/I(Special Sensor Microwave/Imager), AMSR-E (Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-EOS) and MWRI(Microwave Radiation Imager)were compared for each other. Some problems were found as follows: 1) The discriminant threshold of dry snow and wet snow is influenced by many factors that do not determined still. 2) The measured value of snow depth can not by reflected by meteorological situation. 3) The resolution is not high enough to used in monitoring the shallow snow zone information. 4) It seems to be overestimated for range and depth of snow and so on. In addition, the accuracy of the inversion results was affected by snow density, particle size, precipitation, cold desert, vegetation, permafrost and other factors. Aim to further study intensively, passive microwave remote sensing of snow cover was prospected as follows: 1) To operational monitoring, visible light and passive microwave data should be integrated;2) Combination of remote sensing and geographic information systems would improve the accuracy and application breadth;3) Improvements of the algorithm, higher spatial resolution data of passive microwave AMSR-E, and passive microwave radiation imaginer MWRI of our FY3 satellite with the snow model would enhance importance of snow monitoring;4) Range of snow monitoring is more consistent with passive microwave remote sensing and MODIS visible light.The passive microwave remote sensing can play an alternative role when visible light images can not be obtained satisfactorly due to more clouds;and 5) Passive microwave remote sensing still have more issues in operational snow monitoring, continuous monitoring of ground operations and Algorithm improvement. Its validation is an important guarantee to improve the technology, which need to be verified in snow storms.%被动微波遥感可用于进行全天候的积雪监测.概述了国内外近年来积雪被动微波遥感研究进展,比较了常用的被动微波传感器SMMR(Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer)、SSM/I(Special Sensor Microwave/Imager)、AMSR-E(Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-Earth Observing System)和MWRI(Microwave Radiation Imager)的参数特征,指出目前积雪被动微波遥感研究中存在的问题:1)干雪和湿雪的判别阈值受多种因素的影响,仍难以确定;2)各气象台站的实测雪深值缺乏代表性;3)分辨率不高,无法监测浅雪区信息等问题;4)容易造成积雪范围估计过大、雪深过深等问题.另外,雪的密度、粒径、降水、寒漠、植被、冻土等因素都在一定程度上影响了反演结果的精度.并对积雪被动微波遥感的应用前景提出了展望:1)在积雪遥感业务监测中,对可见光和被动微波数据进行融合,可充分发挥二者的优势;2)遥感和地理信息系统的结合,可以提高积雪遥感监测的精度和应用范围;3)随着积雪模型算法的进一步完善以及更高空间分辨率的AMSR-E和我国FY3卫星的被动微波数据MWRI的应用, 被动微波遥感必将成为积雪监测的重要手段.4)被动微波遥感与可见光MODIS的积雪监测范围较为一致, 当由于云的影响而无法得到满意的可见光影像时, 则被动微波遥感就可发挥替代作用.5)被动微波遥感在积雪业务监测中还存在较多的问题, 持续不断的地面监测和算法改进及验证是完善这项技术的重要保证.
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