早春短命植物绵果荠无菌苗组织培养相关因素研究

摘要

为建立绵果荠（Laehnoloma lehmannii）无菌苗培养体系，以种子作为试验材料，对不同消毒方法的效果进行了比较，并对影响种子萌发、幼苗生长相关因素进行了探讨。结果表明，1）种子消毒适宜方法为种子流水冲洗1～2rain，70％酒精浸泡1rnin，0．1％HgCl2消毒1．5rain；2）光照对种子萌发有促进作用，而幼苗的不同部位对光照有不同响应；3）种子萌发对低温有依赖性，而幼苗生长需要一定的高温；4）适宜激素对种子萌发有促进作用，而幼苗的不同部位对激素有不同反应。因此，绵果荠种子萌发和幼苗生长适合培养体系为把种子消毒后接种无激素的Ms，放在变温为15℃／5℃的光照条件下培养4～5d，萌发后转至温度为（25±1）℃的光照条件下培养，发芽率达到90％，比对照高16％，且幼苗长势良好。%In order to establish a system of aseptic seedling of Lachnoloma lehmannii in tissue culture, u- sing seeds as material, different disinfection methods of seeds were compared. The influence factors of seed germination and seedling growth were investigated. The results indicated that 1） a suitable method for seed sterilization was that seeds were washed under running tap water for 1--2 rain, soaked in 70% ethanol for 1 min and disinfected with 0.1% HgCl2 solution for 1.5 min. 2） Illumination was beneficial for seed germination, but different parts of seedlings had different responses to the lights. 3） Seed germina tion depend on a low temperature, while seedling growth required a certain high temperature. 4） Some hormones promote the seed germination, but different parts of seedlings had different reaction to the hor- mones. Therefore, the suitable culture system for seed germination and seedling growth of L. lehmannii was that seeds were placed in MS medium without growth regulators after seed sterilization, and cultured under lights at temperature of 15 ℃/5 ℃ for 4--5 d. Plates with germinated seeds were then transferred to a place with same illumination and temperature of 25 ℃ for seedling growth. The seed germination rate in- creased from 16% （control） to 90% and the seedlings grew well.