晾晒方式对构树失水速率及饲用价值的影响

摘要

构树(Broussonetia papyrifera)是桑科木本植物,因其蛋白质含量较高而被西南地区广泛用于饲料加工业.以构树不同晾晒方式进行干草调制研究,探讨其失水速率及饲用价值变化,以优化构树干草调制方法,保存青饲料的营养成份,替代青饲料或精饲料.采用聚类分析将23种干燥方法分为快速干燥、中速干燥和慢速干燥3类,从平均水分散失量中发现堆小垛后晾晒能提高水分散失速率,干燥最快的方法是压扁+10 cm切短.基于因子分析的饲用价值计算发现,最适的构树干草调制方式是6 cm 切短+2%K2CO3,其饲用价值得分可达0.514.若采用破坏茎干结构与喷洒K2CO3组合方式,应选择切短方式减小维管束出露面积,以提升饲用价值.%Broussonetia papyrifera is a woody plant species in the family Moraceae,and due to its high protein content is widely used in the feed industry in southwest China.To examine the differences in drying methods for hay production,we investigated water loss rates and nutritional value of B.papyrifera as an example to optimize the available technologies to achieve preservation of nutrients for substituting succulent feeds or con-centrates.In the article,we present the results of cluster analysis of 23 drying methods,sub-divided into three groups:quick drying,medium-speed drying,and slow drying.Water loss rate could be improved in small stacks,and the fastest way of drying was squashing and cutting the plant material to a length of 10 cm.Based on calculated feeding values of a factor analysis,we found that the optimal method was cutting of plant material to 10 cm pieces and applying a 2% K2CO3treatment,achieving a score of 0.514.When the stem structure was destroyed by applying a treatment of spraying K2CO3,the cutting method further decreased the superficial area of the vascular bundle,which enhanced the feeding value.