住院患者真菌感染的菌群分布及耐药性分析

摘要

Objective To study the distribution of the clinical isolated fungi and their sensitivity to common antifungal drugs in inpatients so as to provide references for clinicians to use antifungal drugs rationally. Methods The clinical data of the inpatients in our hospital with fungal infection were collected,the distribution and the results of drug resistive test of the clinical data were analyzed from January 2013 to December 2015. Results Totally 431 strains of fungi were isolated from inpatients,among which the Candida albicans was dominant,accounting for 33. 6%,followed by Candida Pelliculosa (15. 5%),Candida parapsilosis (13. 2%) and C. glabrata (12. 3%). The drug resistance rate of Candida albicans,Candida Pelliculosa and Candida parapsilosis to voriconazole and fluconazole was 0. The drug re-sistance rate of Candida albicans to itraconazole as well as Candida Pelliculosa to fluorine cytosine were increased year by year. Conclusion Different fungi have different degrees of drug resistance to commonly used antifungal drugs. Cli-nicians should use antifungal drugs reasonably based on the results of drug sensitive test in order to decrease the nosoco-mial fungal infections.%目的 了解住院患者临床分离的真菌分布情况以及对常用抗真菌药的敏感性,为临床合理使用抗真菌药提供参考依据.方法 收集我院2013年1月至2015年12月真菌感染的住院患者的临床资料,对其分布情况和药敏结果进行分析.结果 住院患者中共分离出431株真菌,其中白色假丝酵母菌所占比例最高(33.6%),其次是菌膜假丝酵母菌(15.5%)、近平滑假丝酵母菌(13.2%)、光滑念珠菌(12.3%).白色假丝酵母菌、近平滑假丝酵母菌、菌膜假丝酵母菌对伏立康唑及氟康唑的耐药率均为0.白色假丝酵母菌对伊曲康唑的耐药率和菌膜假丝酵母菌对氟胞嘧啶的耐药率均呈逐年上升趋势.结论 不同真菌对临床常用抗真菌药物有不同程度的耐药性,临床医师应结合药敏结果合理选用抗真菌药,减少医院真菌感染的发生.