老年人潜在不适当用药研究概况

摘要

Potentially inappropriate medication is highly prevalent in elderly patients, which is associated with negative healthcare outcomes, including adverse drug reaction, rate of hospitalization and mortality. Recently, many countries have developed corresponding evaluation criteria for potential inappropriate medication. The majority of the criteria pay attention to overuse and misuse, with only a minority focusing on the underuse of indicated medicines. This article describes and compares the tools commonly used for potentially inappropriate medication, discusses the related factors of potential inappropriate medication and gives some advices on how to prevent potential inappropriate medication in daily clinical practice.%潜在不适当用药是老年人普遍存在的现象, 与许多不良的医疗结局相关, 包括药品不良反应、住院率及死亡率.目前, 许多国家制定了相应的潜在不适当用药评价标准.这些标准大多关注药物的过度使用和错误使用, 而关注药物治疗不足的较少.本文介绍、比较了潜在不适当用药的常用工具, 讨论潜在不适当用药发生的影响因素, 以及如何在日常工作中预防潜在不适当用药的发生.