2008—2012年哈尔滨市道里区恶性肿瘤发病与死亡分析

摘要

Objective To describe and analyze the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in Daoli District of Harbin from 2008 to 2012. Methods The tumor registration data of 2008—2012 reported by the Daoli District Cancer Registry was collect-ed. The crude incidence and mortality,China standardization rate,World standardization rate,cumulative rate and truncated incidence rate of major malignant tumors were calculated and trends of the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in 5 years were analyzed. Results From 2008 to 2012,there were 10 893 cases of malignant tumors in Daoli District of Harbin,including 5879 males and 5 014 females. The incidence rate increased first and then stabilized. Incidence of malignancy,China standardization rate,world standardiza-tion rate,cumulative rate and truncated incidence rate in men were higher than those in women. The incidence rates were at a low level in the 0~25 age group,rising rapidly in the 25~80 age group,reaching a peak at the age of 80,and then beginning to decline. From 2008 to 2012,there were 6 801 cases of malignant tumor deaths in Daoli District of Harbin,including 4 069 males and 2 732 females. There was no significant change in mortality over five years. Malignancy mortality,China standardization rate,world standardization rate,cumulative rate and truncated incidence rate in men were higher than those in women. The mortality rates were at a low level in the 0~30 age group,rising rapidly in the 30~75 age group,reaching a peak at the age of 75,and then beginning to decline. The high-est incidence of malignant tumors in Daoli District from 2008 to 2012 was lung cancer,followed by liver cancer,colorectal cancer, stomach cancer and breast cancer. The highest mortality rate of malignant tumors was lung cancer,followed by liver cancer,colorectal cancer,stomach cancer and pancreatic cancer. Conclusion The incidence of malignant tumors in Daoli District of Harbin City in-creased first and then stabilized in 2008-2012,and there was no significant change in mortality. Lung cancer,digestive system malig-nant tumors,and female breast cancer are the main cancer types of malignant tumors incidence and death in Daoli District of Harbin.%目的 描述和分析哈尔滨市道里区2008—2012年恶性肿瘤发病趋势及死亡情况.方法 收集哈尔滨市道里区肿瘤登记处上报的2008—2012年肿瘤登记数据,计算主要恶性肿瘤粗发病率和死亡率、中标率、世标率、累积率和截缩率等指标,分析5年时间恶性肿瘤发病率和死亡率的变化趋势.结果 2008—2012 年哈尔滨市道里区恶性肿瘤发病例数10 893例,其中男性5 879例,女性5 014例.发病率呈现先上升后趋于平稳的趋势,男性恶性肿瘤发病率、中标率、世标率、累计率和截缩率均高于女性.发病率在0~25岁时处于较低水平,25~80岁快速上升,并在80岁时达到高峰,随后开始下降.2008—2012年哈尔滨市道里区恶性肿瘤死亡例数6 801例,其中男性4 069例,女性2 732例.五年的死亡率未见明显变化,男性恶性肿瘤死亡率、中标率、世标率、累计率和截缩率均高于女性.死亡率在0~30岁时处于较低水平,30~75岁快速上升,并在80岁时达到高峰,随后开始下降. 2008—2012年道里区恶性肿瘤发病率最高为肺癌,其次为肝癌、结直肠癌、胃癌和乳腺癌,恶性肿瘤死亡率最高为肺癌,其次为肝癌、结直肠癌、胃癌和胰腺癌.结论 2008—2012年哈尔滨市道里区恶性肿瘤发病率先上升后趋于平稳,死亡率未见明显变化.肺癌、消化系统恶性肿瘤、女性乳腺癌是哈尔滨市道里区恶性肿瘤发病与死亡的主要癌种.