Objective To exptore the security and efficacy of balloon dilation guided by ultrasonography in establishing percu-taneous renal access for nephrolithotomy. Methods The percutaneous renal access in 44 cases underwent nephrolithotomy was established by the baltoon dilalion or the two-step dilation guided by ultrasonography. Clinical data including the time of establishing the access, success rate of access,btood toss,rate of residual calculus,hospilal slay after operalion and complications were analyzed relrospec-lively. Results The average time of establishing the renal access of two groups were (6. 7±2. 0) and ( 14. 4±3. 4) min(P <0. 05) . The success rates of access at the first time were 100% and 83. 3% , respectively. The mean btood toss during the operalion was (38 ± 21) and (43±22) ml,respectively. The average hospilal slay after operalion was (6. 5 ± 1.3) and (6. 7±1. 7) days,respectively. The rates of residual calculus were 15. 0% and 20. 8% ,respectively. There was no severe complication occurred except 1 case postoperative fever in each group and 1 case delayed hemorrhage in the two-step group. Conclusion Baltoon dilalion guided by ullrasonography is a safe and effective way for establishing perculaneous renal access,which is more conveniently and rapidly compared to the two-step dilalion.%目的 探讨在经皮肾镜碎石中应用超声引导下球囊扩张法建立皮肾通道的安全性及有效性.方法 经皮肾镜碎石术44例,分别采用超声引导下球囊扩张法(球囊组)及两步式扩张法(对照组)建立皮肾通道,对通道建立时间、一次性通道建立成功率、出血量、残余结石率、术后住院时间及术后并发症等进行比较.结果 球囊组和对照组通道建立时间分别为(6.7±2.0)min和(14.4±3.4)min,一次性通道建立成功率分别为100%和83.3%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).两组术中出血量、残余结石率、术后住院时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).术后两组各出现1例发热,对照组出现1例迟发出血,均未出现其他严重并发症.结论 超声引导下球囊扩张建立皮肾通道与两步式扩张法同样安全有效,且实施过程简便快捷.
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