老年住院患者预防跌倒知信行的调查研究

摘要

Objective To investigate the status of knowledge,attitude and practice about fall prevention in elderly inpatients,in order to provide reference suggestions for prevention of fall.Methods In this study,368 elderly patients who were hospitalized in a first-class hospital during the period from January to June in 2016 were selected by cluster sampling method for questionnaire investigation.The questionnaire was self-designed to evaluate the patients' knowledge,attitude and practice of fall prevention.Results The knowledge average score was (42.21± 15.34).The attitude average score was (16.35± 7.13).The practice average score was (48.18 ± 8.68).Knowledge was significantly correlated with practice and attitude (r =0.346 and 0.321,P ＜ 0.03 and ＜ 0.05,respectively).Attitude was significantly correlated with behavior (r =0.415,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The age has no significant effect on fall prevention in elderly inpatients.However,the attitude and behavior of elderly inpatients who have high education level and training experience of fall prevention knowledge are relatively good.In order to help the elderly inpatients have better fall prevention behaviors effectively,nurses should put more effort into health education and help them to establish health belief of fall prevention.%目的 调查老年住院患者对预防跌倒的知识、态度、行为情况,为预防跌倒提供参考建议.方法 选取某三级医院2016年1月至2016年6月住院期符合纳入标准的老年患者共368名,通过自制问卷进行知信行调查.结果 患者跌倒预防知识得分(42.21±15.34)分,态度得分(16.35±7.13)分,行为得分(48.18±8.68)分,知识与行为(r=0.346,P＜0.03)呈正相关、知识与态度(r=0.321,P＜0.05)呈正相关、态度与行为(r=0.415,P＜0.02)呈正相关.结论 老年住院患者的年龄在预防跌倒知信行方面差异无统计学意义,文化层次高、有培训经历的老年患者对预防跌倒的知识、态度、行为相对较好,因此应加强对老年住院患者预防跌倒的知识的健康教育,帮助树立防止跌倒信念,促进行为规范.