早期护理干预对低出生体重儿的效果观察

摘要

Objective To explore the clinical effect of early nursing intervention based on principles of developmental care on low birth weight.Methods We selected 100 low-weight newborns in our hospital between April 2011 and June 2013 as control group.The control group received traditional nursing methods.We selected another 100 low-weight newborns between July 2013 and May 2016 as observation group.The observation group received the developmental care in addition to traditional nursing methods.The principle of developmnental care was based upon premature individual situation to give premature a humane care in order to promote the development of their own.Those included the ensuring full sleep time,providing of nonnutritive sucking,reducing the stimulation of light and noise,using the so called "bird's nest" type of nursing,and giving the newborn touch and language communication.Results The weight increment,milk intake,sleep time and length of hospital stay in the observation group were superior to those in the control group.The complication rate in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The developmental care of newborn care is a new concept.The use of humanization nursing can make the obvious weight gain of premature infants,the increased milk uptake,the prolonged sleep time,the shortened hospitalization time and the effectively reduced the complications,thus,to improve the survival quality of preterm infants.%目的 探讨应用发展性照顾原则早期护理干预对低出生体重儿的临床效果.方法 将2011年4月至2013年6月我院收治的低出生体重儿100例作为对照组,采用传统方法护理新生儿,2013年7月至2016年5月收治的低出生体重儿100例作为观察组,在传统护理方法基础上采用发展性照顾的原则,根据早产儿个体的具体情况,给予早产儿能促进自身发展的人性化护理:保证完整睡眠的时间;提供非营养性吸吮;减少光线、噪音的刺激;采用“鸟巢”式护理;给予新生儿抚触,同时进行语言交流.结果 观察组患儿的体重增量、奶量摄入、睡眠时间、住院时间均优于对照组,观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 发展性照顾是新生儿护理新理念,采用人性化护理,可以使早产儿体重增长明显,奶量增加,睡眠时间延长,缩短住院时间,有效降低并发症发生,从而提高早产儿的存活质量.