结直肠癌危险因素及临床流行病学特征研究

摘要

目的：探讨结直肠癌危险因素及临床流行病学特征。方法回顾性分析1860结直肠癌患者的临床资料，分析其流行病学特征，并与1725例非肿瘤患者进行对照分析，比较引发结直肠癌的主要危险因素。结果结直肠癌患者在性别、年龄、年份、原发病灶部位及病理类型分布上存在显著差异（P＜0．05）；结直肠癌组患者与对照组在基础疾病、结直肠癌家族史、胆囊切除手术史、阑尾切除术史上存在显著差异（P＜0．05），进一步进行单因素和多因素logistic分析发现，糖尿病、高血压、结直肠癌家族史和阑尾切除术史均可能为诱发结直肠癌的危险因素，糖尿病和结直肠癌家族史为诱发结直肠癌的主要危险因素。结论结直肠癌高危发病人群为男性，发病年龄集中于中老年人群，原发病灶部位主要位于直肠，病理类型多为管状腺癌，糖尿病和结直肠癌家族史为诱发结直肠癌的主要危险因素。%Objective To explore the risk factors and epidemiological characteristics of colorectal cancer.Methods Clinical data of 1 860 cases of patients with colorectal cancer were retrospectively analyzed.Epidemiological characteristics of pa-tients with colorectal cancer were analyzed and compared with those of 1 725 cases of non tumor patients.The risk factors for colo-rectal cancer were compared.Results There had significant difference in gender,age,year,primary lesion,and pathological type distribution(P<0.05);There had significant difference in basic disease,family history of colorectal cancer,history of gallbladder surgery,and history of appendectomy between the 2 groups(P<0.05);Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis showed that risk factors for colorectal cancer were diabetes,hypertensive,family history of colorectal cancer,history of gallbladder surgery;The major risk factors were diabetes and family history of colorectal cancer.Conclusion The male has a high risk of colorectal canc-er,and mainly are middle and elderly patients,the primary lesions mostly locate in rectum,pathological type mainly is tubular ade-nocarcinoma.The major risk factors are diabetes and family history of colorectal cancer.