改善配电网负荷特性的充电站有序充电优化策略

摘要

The construction and operation of electric vehicle (EV) charging station is the basic project in the EV industry development. This paper presents a dynamic optimizing method to improve the load characteristics of the distribution system based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The optimizing strategy is operated by minimizing the load variance for a period as objective function, and the scale of charging station and the demands of customers as constraints. The customers’ travel performance is simulated by the stochastic method of probability distribution. And load characteristics of coordinated and uncoordinated charging are compared in different permeability. The conclusion shows that the dynamic optimizing strategy takes effect in mitigating load variance, optimizing distribution system characteristics and shifting peak load.%充电站的建设与运营是电动汽车发展的基础性工程。以持续时段内配电网负荷方差最小为优化目标，以充电站的规模和用户需求为约束条件，基于粒子群优化算法提出了结合配电网负荷特性的充电站有序充电的动态优化方案。利用概率分布随机模拟的方法模拟用户的运行特征，对不同渗透率下，将动态优化的有序充电和到站即充的无序充电二者在负荷特性上进行对比分析。研究结果表明，通过动态有序充电优化方案可以降低负荷波动，优化配网特性，起到移峰填谷的作用。