适于电动汽车充电桩集群管理系统的WSN路由算法研究

摘要

Based on the in-depth analysis of the data communication requirements of the electric vehicle (EV) charging piles management system and the comparison of the typical network communications,the double network communication architecture of the management system composed of optical fiber communication technology and wireless sensor network (WSN) is determined by using analytic hierarchy process and dispersion maximization integratively.For the application environment of the charging piles,a reliable geographic location-aware routing protocol (GLAR) is proposed.To a certain extent,the "hot spots" problem is alleviated and the minimum hop routing is realized.Monte Carlo simulation method is utilized to generate the charging needs of customers based on their charging rule.The performances of GLAR and LEACH applied to the same network are simulated and compared.The simulation results indicate that the average transmission delay,network throughput and scalability of GLAR are excellent and can meet the communication requirements of management system commendably.%在深入分析了电动汽车(EV)充电桩集群管理系统的数据通信需求和对比了典型通信方式的基础上,综合层次分析法和离差最大化方法确定了基于光纤通信技术和无线传感器网络(WSN)的管理系统双层组网通信架构.针对充电桩集群的应用环境提出一种基于地理位置信息的高效WSN路由机制——GLAR,在一定程度上缓解了“热区”问题,并且实现了最小跳路由.根据用户充电规律,采用蒙特卡洛模拟法模拟用户充电需求,并在相同网络环境下对GLAR和LEACH的性能进行了仿真和对比分析.研究结果表明,GLAR算法在平均传输时延、网络吞吐量和扩展性等性能上表现优异,能够满足集群管理系统对数据通信服务性能的需求.