对多个县域电网进行统筹优化建设时,县域电网评价体系会直接影响建设方案的制定.传统电网评价体系常常表现为细致度不够、主观性较大,因而现实指导性不强.因此,建立了一套县域电网评价体系,该评价体系利用主成分分析(Principal component analysis,PCA)进行微观剖析,应用系统聚类分析(Hierarchical cluster analysis,HCA)实现宏观引导.其中,通过主成分分析实现对多元评价指标进行降维、去相关性处理,对各评价指标赋予不含主观因素的主成分权重,从而建立县域电网综合评价体系,并得出能反映县域电网在安全性、经济性、可靠性、适应性、优质性这五个性质上优劣程度的分数及排名.再利用系统聚类分析法对这些得分逐性逐层地进行聚类,以不同层面的系统聚类结果回溯定位于与之相应的由主成分分析法得出的排名,从而对县域电网不同指标模块的薄弱所在聚类研究,并结合当地县域负荷及经济发展情况制定相应的发展路径.应用结果表明,将主成分分析法及系统聚类分析法有机结合来对县域电网进行综合评价是切实有效的.%When many county power grids are constructed and optimized under unified arrangement, the development of the construction program is directly affected by the county power grid evaluation system. Traditional power grid evaluation system lacks in reality guidance due to insufficient consideration and larger subjectivity. In order to solve these problems, this paper provides a grid of county power grid evaluation system. This system can introduce micro-analysis based on principal component analysis (PCA) and conduct macro-guidance based on hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). Multiple evaluation indexes are made to reduce its dimension by PCA and endow principal component weight to each index without subjective factors. Thereby, a comprehensive assessment system for county power grid is built to gain scores and rankings which can reflect their pros and cons of degree in safety, economy, reliability, adaptability and quality. And then, these scores are clustered based on HCA layer by layer, and the ranking location is backtracked which is gained by PCA, so as to cluster weak indicators of county power grid's different index modules, and combined load and local county economic development, appropriate development path is developed. Application results show that this county power grid evaluation system based on PCA and HCA is an effective solution.
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