应授人以何渔？--农民工职业培训与工资获得的实证分析

摘要

This paper describes vocational training situation of migrant workers from multiple dimensions, and analyzes the wage effects of different categories of training. This paper, uses Propensity Score Matching ( PSM ) method to control the endogeneity bias. The results show that training participation can significantly improve migrant wages, and skilled training has the most obvious effect. More times for training and longer duration for single training bring material impact on wage growth. Based on the above, skilled training should be focused, continuous training should be repeatedly provided so as to construct efficient vocational training system. The migrant workers’ employment ability and wages can be effectively promoted in this way.%文章描述目前农民工职业培训现状，并对农民工职业培训以及不同类别培训的工资效应进行分析。在实证分析中，采用倾向得分匹配以控制农民工职业培训对工资率影响的内生偏差。结果表明职业培训可显著提升农民工工资，但不同类型职业培训存在较大异质性：技能型培训的作用最明显，参与多次培训或职业培训的时间较长，才能对农民工工资增长带来实质性影响。基于以上发现，在构建农民工职业培训体系时，应侧重技能型培训、构建终身培训体系，如此才能有效提升农民工就业能力、增加农民工的工资。