单端孢菌素对几种作物病原菌的室内毒力及田间防效

摘要

为明确单端孢菌素对主要作物病原菌的抑菌活性和田间防效,采用孢子萌发抑制测定法、菌丝生长速率法和田间药效常规试验方法,测定了单端孢菌素在不同质量浓度下对作物病原菌的室内毒力及田间药效。结果表明：单端孢菌素对供试16个病原菌的 MIC 为1.9~15.5 mg/L,对辣椒炭疽病菌、番茄早疫病菌、水稻恶苗病菌、水稻稻瘟病菌、番茄灰霉病菌、玉米小斑病菌和马铃薯晚疫病菌等7个病原菌的 EC50分别为5.93、7.90、9.27、10.78、13.34、14.95和16.50 mg/L,500 mg/L 质量浓度对番茄灰霉病、番茄早疫病、辣椒炭疽病、马铃薯晚疫病、玉米小斑病和水稻稻瘟病的防治效果分别为78.98%、81.29%、85.28%、72.42%、78.99%和72.74%。单端孢菌素具有较强的抑菌活性和较广的抑菌谱,对几种主要作物真菌和卵菌病害具有较好的田间防治效果,应用前景广。%Toxicity and field control efficacy of trichothecin at different concentrations against several different crop pathogens were tested by spore germination inhibition method,mycelial growth rate method and field trial. The results showed that the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC)of spore germination against 1 6 crop patho-gens were 1.9 - 1 5.5 mg/L.The EC50 values of trichothecin against Colletotrichum capsici ,Alternaria solani , Fusarium moniliforme ,Magnaporthe grisea ,Botrytis cinerea ,Bipolaris maydis and Phytophthora infestans were 5.93 mg/L,7.90 mg/L,9.27 mg/L,10.78 mg/L,13.34 mg/L,14.95 mg/L and 1 6.50 mg/L,respectively.The field control efficacy of 500 mg/L trichothecin to B .cinerea ,A .solani ,C .capsici ,P .infestans ,B .maydis and M.grisea were 78.98%,81.29%,85.28%,72.42%,78.99%and 72.74%,respectively.Trichothecin had strong inhi-bition activity and field control effect on crop fungal pathogens,which demonstrated wide application prospects.