大蒜类似根缘细胞生物学特性及其对辣椒疫霉菌的抑制活性

摘要

生产实践表明,利用大蒜与辣椒轮作能有效控制辣椒疫病的危害。大蒜根系分泌物的抑菌活性与病害的控制有关。本文分析了大蒜根冠细胞脱落物的种类以及不同温湿度和根长对大蒜根冠细胞脱落物产生的影响,并测定细胞脱落物水培液对辣椒疫霉菌的抑制活性。结果表明,大蒜根冠细胞脱落物为椭圆、长椭圆形和长形类似根缘细胞。这些类似根缘细胞的产生受根长、温度和湿度的影响。根系在2%水琼脂的平板内,20℃条件下培养至25 mm 以上产生的类似根缘细胞最多。大蒜类似根缘细胞水培液对辣椒疫霉菌游动孢子游动和孢子囊释放都具有显著的抑制活性。该研究表明,大蒜根系产生的类似根缘细胞也是化感抑菌物质释放的重要途径。%On the basis of practical production,it was proved that garlic and pepper rotation was beneficial to con-trol of phytophthora blight.Inhibitory activity of garlic root exudates was associated with the disease control.This study analyzed the type of garlic sloughed root cap cells and the effect of temperature,humidity and the root length on the production of this kind of cell.The antimicrobial activity of the hydroponic liquid of sloughed root cap cells against Phytophthora capsici Ieonian was also tested.The results indicated that the sloughed root cap cells of garlic were border-like cells (BLCs),including oval,long oval and elongated cells.The production of BLCs was affected by temperature,humidity and the length of roots.Garlic roots could produce a large number of BLCs when garlic roots grew to 25 mm in length at 20 ℃ in plates containing 100 mL 2% water agar.Hydroponic liquid of BLCs showed inhibitory activity against zoospore release from sporangia and zoospores’motility.This study demonstrated that border-like cells may be an important source of garlic antimicrobial substances.