黑龙江省油用亚麻栽培技术

摘要

Fiber flax takes a major role in the flax cultivation in Heilongjiang province for decades.Stepping into the 21 st century , the great change of the domestic and oversea market requirement leads to the reduction of the cultivation area of fiber flax.To take advantage of the flax industry superiority , oil flax is planted to replace fiber flax in the main planting areas partly.Some enterprises processing oil flax seed are built and several new flax products such as seed oil , alpha linolenic acid , flaxseed gum and lin-en granules are produced and exported to the southeast asian countries such as Japan and Korea , etc.This article mainly summaries the technical points for the cultivation of the oil seed flax , such as the nec-essary ecological environment , soil, variety, fertilization, prevention of diseases and pests , etc.Mean-while the different technical requirements and measures for the oil flax and fiber flax are also proposed .%黑龙江省一直以栽培纤维型亚麻为主，进入21世纪后，国内外亚麻纤维市场需求发生较大变化，致使我省纤维亚麻种植面积逐步减少。为发挥我省亚麻产业资源优势，我省亚麻主产区用油用亚麻替代部分纤维亚麻种植，相继建设以亚麻籽为原料的加工企业，开发出亚麻油、阿尔法亚麻酸、亚麻胶、亚麻冲剂等多个新产品，销往日本、韩国等东南亚国家。本文主要阐述黑龙江省油用亚麻栽培需要的生态环境，土壤、品种、施肥、病虫害防治等技术要点。同时提出油用亚麻和纤维型亚麻不同的技术要求及对策。