汶川地震之后，各地开始规划建设避难场所，但是从近年的实际效果看，仍存在很多问题。避难场所的应急服务能力建设需要分阶段进行，从重视“量”到重视“质”，由重视场地选址到重视内涵建设。研究构建了一套对城市现状避难场所应急服务能力进行整体性评价的方法，提出以安全性、可达性、规模容量、应急配套设施和应急管理5个方面为主的评价体系，并结合实际案例，全面分析了当前避难场所的种种不足，同时根据评价结果，从4个方面提出了规划应对的策略，以促进避难场所应急服务水平的全面提升。%More and more evacuation space has been built since 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. Evacuation space shal develop in phases from quantitative increase to quality improvement. The paper establishes a set of evaluation methods from five aspects:safety, accessibility, capacity, equipment, and management. On the basis of case studies, the paper analyzes insufficiencies of present evacuation space and raises planning measures.
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