油砂沥青焦化蜡油的加氢处理是比较困难的,为了选择合适的加工流程和操作条件,有必要对油砂沥青及其焦化蜡油的分子结构有更全面的认识.本研究尝试分离和鉴别焦化蜡油中对加氢过程不利的组分.研究发现,焦化蜡油中主要的富氮组分是较小分子的戊烷不溶物,或者是更小分子、极性较强的己烷不溶物.组分的结构信息表明它们是由胶质分子裂化反应后形成的.吡咯类化合物是主要的氮化物类型,其次是吡啶类化合物.这两类氮化物都对加氢过程不利,如吡咯类化合物容易聚合产生胶质和沉淀,堵塞过滤器和其它设施;而吡啶类物质能直接导致加氢催化剂失活.%It is well known that gas oils from oilsands bitumen are difficult to hydrotreat. In order to develop the most appropriate flow sheet and operating conditions, a thorough knowledge of the molecular structure and behaviour of bitumen and its gas oil products is needed. In this work, the gas oil samples are fractionated in an attempt to isolate and identify the problematic molecular species for hydrotreating. It is found that the major nitrogen sources in coker gas oils are associated with relatively small pentane insoluble species and an even smaller, highly polar, hexane insoluble species.Structural information obtained for these fractions indicates that they are formed during the cracking of resin molecules.Nitrogen speciation shows that the pyrroles are the primary nitrogen type, with pyridines also being an important species.Both nitrogen species are undesirable in the hydrotreating process. Pyrroles in particular are subject to polymerisation,producing gums and sediments that foul filters and other equipment while pyridines can directly deactivate the hydrotreating catalyst.
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机译：油砂沥青焦化蜡油的加氢处理是比较困难的,为了选择合适的加工流程和操作条件,有必要对油砂沥青及其焦化蜡油的分子结构有更全面的认识.本研究尝试分离和鉴别焦化蜡油中对加氢过程不利的组分.研究发现,焦化蜡油中主要的富氮组分是较小分子的戊烷不溶物,或者是更小分子、极性较强的己烷不溶物.组分的结构信息表明它们是由胶质分子裂化反应后形成的.吡咯类化合物是主要的氮化物类型,其次是吡啶类化合物.这两类氮化物都对加氢过程不利,如吡咯类化合物容易聚合产生胶质和沉淀,堵塞过滤器和其它设施;而吡啶类物质能直接导致加氢催化剂失活.%It is well known that gas oils from oilsands bitumen are difficult to hydrotreat. In order to develop the most appropriate flow sheet and operating conditions, a thorough knowledge of the molecular structure and behaviour of bitumen and its gas oil products is needed. In this work, the gas oil samples are fractionated in an attempt to isolate and identify the problematic molecular species for hydrotreating. It is found that the major nitrogen sources in coker gas oils are associated with relatively small pentane insoluble species and an even smaller, highly polar, hexane insoluble species.Structural information obtained for these fractions indicates that they are formed during the cracking of resin molecules.Nitrogen speciation shows that the pyrroles are the primary nitrogen type, with pyridines also being an important species.Both nitrogen species are undesirable in the hydrotreating process. Pyrroles in particular are subject to polymerisation,producing gums and sediments that foul filters and other equipment while pyridines can directly deactivate the hydrotreating catalyst.
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